A new assessment of the potential impact of climate change on vegetation in the Pacific Northwest of the USA shows a mosaic of vulnerable and resilient areas. Researchers found that coastal forests are vulnerable to large increases in fires, subsequent losses in carbon stocks, and encroachment from more southerly and/or easterly forest types. The dry, fire-adapted forests east of the Cascades are projected to be more resilient to climate change. With projected increases in precipitation, vast expanses of shrublands in the Columbia Plateau and Northern Basin could convert to grasslands or...