Upwelling Presence by Marine Province

Upwelling presence, by marine province.

We developed estimates of the importance of large-scale continuous and predictable/seasonal upwellings. Originally we gathered this information at an ecoregional scale, but we decided to summarize to province due to concerns about fine-scale accuracy. Where information was not readily available, provinces were labeled “no data.” Many of the oceanic islands were marked as having no data on upwellings; in fact, upwelling can be an important feature on the leeward side of oceanic islands, but data for specific islands were not readily available.

We used the following data sources:
Robinson, A. R., and K. H. Brink, eds. 1998. The Global Coastal Ocean, Regional Studies and Syntheses. New York: Wiley.
———, eds. 2006. The Global Coastal Ocean: Interdisciplinary Regional Studies and Syntheses. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Sheppard, C., ed. 2000a. Seas at the Millennium: An Environmental Evaluation, Volume 1: Regional Chapters: Europe, the Americas and West Africa. Oxford: Elsevier Science.

———, ed. 2000b. Seas at the Millennium: An Environmental Evaluation, Volume 2: Regional Chapters: The Indian Ocean to the Pacific. Oxford: Elsevier Science.

———, ed. 2000c. Seas at the Millennium: An Environmental Evaluation, Volume 3: Global Issues and Processes. Oxford: Elsevier Science.

These data were derived by The Nature Conservancy, and were displayed in a map published in The Atlas of Global Conservation (Hoekstra et al., University of California Press, 2010). More information at http://nature.org/atlas.